What is Sprengel deformity?
Sprengel deformity is a rare congenital disorder in which the shoulder blade (scapula) is too high on one side of the body. The affected abnormal shoulder blade is also abnormally connected to the spine, often restricting movement of the shoulder.
How do you measure an AC joint?
Measurement. The AC distance is assessed on the frontal radiograph of the shoulder as the distance between the medial cortex of the acromion and the lateral cortex of the clavicle.
What is Acromiohumeral joint space?
Acromiohumeral distance (AHD) measures the space between the humeral head and the acromion. AHD measured on X-ray images with the patient in standing or seated posture is cited in all reports of rotator cuff tear and its treatment.
Is Sprengel’s deformity a disability?
Sprengel’s deformity of the shoulder is a dysplasia of the pectoral girdle, resulting in cosmetic and functional disability. The deformity is associated with other congenital anomalies, which often dictate the management and outcome of treatment.
How common is Sprengel’s deformity?
The true incidence is unknown and, although the condition is rare, it is the most common congenital shoulder girdle deformity. It may be associated with cervical spine and renal anomalies. A diagnosis of Klippel-Feil should be ruled out as 20-42% of patients with Klippel-Feil have Sprengel’s deformity (Hensinger 1974).
What does widening of the AC joint mean?
Widening of the AC joint, step off deformity at the AC joint, and increase in the CC distance (common range 1.1-1.3 cm) are indicative of AC joint injury (Figure 1). Increase of CC distance of 25-50% over the normal side on a bilateral Zanca view indicates complete CC ligament disruption.
What does Acromiohumeral mean?
Medical Definition of acromiohumeral : of, relating to, or affecting the acromion and humerus … radiological signs include superior displacement of the humeral head with respect to the glenoid, narrowing of the acromiohumeral space …— Robert O.
What is the clinical significance of a reduced Acromiohumeral space?
Ultrasound is a reliable tool to measure acromiohumeral distance. A positive relationship was found between a narrowed acromiohumeral distance and the severity grading of a supraspinatus tendon tear. Reduced acromiohumeral distance can be considered a predictive parameter for a full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tear.
What is the normal range of acromiohumeral interval?
Measurements of the acromiohumeral interval in the following intervals are suggestive of pathology 1,2: >12 mm: shoulder dislocation ; inferior subluxation (e.g. from joint effusion) 9-10 mm (range 8-12 mm): normal. 6-7 mm: thinning of supraspinatus tendon. <6 mm: supraspinatus tear.
What does widening of the mediastinum indicate?
Widening of the Mediastinum Abstract Widening of the mediastinum is a common observation that may be related to patient body habitus or atherosclerotic dilatation of the aorta and great vessels, but there may also be urgent causes such as aortic dissection or traumatic aortic injury.
What is Acromio-humeral interval (Ahi) narrowing?
[The acromio-humeral interval. A study of the factors influencing its height] AHI narrowing should evocate a severe cuff tear with biceps dislocation or muscular degeneration. In these cases, surgical repair might be questionable.
Is the acromiohumeral interval associated with rotator cuff tears?
Background: An acromiohumeral interval narrower than 6 mm has been considered pathologic and strongly indicative for rotator cuff tears by numerous authors. This prospective study assessed interobserver and intraobserver variability in the radiographic measurement of the acromiohumeral interval.