What does a converging diverging nozzle do?
A convergent-divergent nozzle can generate supersonic speed, Mach >1, Therefore, a convergent-divergent nozzle can produce much more vacuum in a given system than a convergent nozzle. In many ejectors, convergent/divergent nozzles are used to achieve supersonic velocity to get the maximum vacuum.
Does a converging supersonic nozzle accelerate or decelerate flow?
The flow accelerates out of the chamber through the converging section, reaching its maximum (subsonic) speed at the throat. The flow then decelerates through the diverging section and exhausts into the ambient as a subsonic jet. Unlike a subsonic flow, the supersonic flow accelerates as the area gets bigger.
How does nozzle increase thrust?
decreasing pressure and accelerating the flow. This results in thrust. The nozzle design is very important becuase it determines the turbine entry temperature (and hence the work done by the turbine) as well as the mass flow of the engine and the exit velocity and pressure (all four of which determine thrust).
What is choked flow for a converging diverging nozzle?
Choked flow is a fluid dynamic condition associated with the venturi effect. When a flowing fluid at a given pressure and temperature passes through a constriction (such as the throat of a convergent-divergent nozzle or a valve in a pipe) into a lower pressure environment the fluid velocity increases.
Why are converging diverging nozzles used in rockets to generate high thrust?
A convergent-divergent nozzle is a prominent part of rocket such that to provide optimum thrust to drive it into the skies with high velocity. At convergent portion is used to increase the flow velocity, Throat is the middle part of it which drops in pressure and increases in flow velocity.
Why supersonic nozzle is diverging?
Therefore an increase in area (dA>1), velocity dv is reduced (negative). Therefore an increase in area (dA>1), velocity dv is increased (positive). This is why supersonic nozzles are converging-diverging by design.
What is nozzle thrust?
A rocket engine uses a nozzle to accelerate hot exhaust to produce thrust as described by Newton’s third law of motion. The amount of thrust produced by the engine depends on the mass flow rate through the engine, the exit velocity of the flow, and the pressure at the exit of the engine.
How is thrust calculated?
Thrust is a mechanical force. The force (thrust) is equal to the exit mass flow rate times the exit velocity minus the free stream mass flow rate times the free stream velocity.
How does nozzle affect thrust?
The exit temperature determines the exit speed of sound, which determines the exit velocity. The exit velocity, pressure, and mass flow through the nozzle determines the amount of thrust produced by the nozzle. The nozzle can be pivoted, or gimbaled, to re-direct the thrust vector.
What do you understand by choked flow for flow of an ideal gas through a convergent-divergent duct?
How can you tell if a lens is converging or diverging?
The magnitude of the focal length is the distance from the lens to each focal point, while the sign tells us if the lens is converging or diverging. For a converging lens we take \\(f > 0\\), while for a diverging lens we take \\(f < 0\\).
Why is a concave lens called a diverging lens?
Concave Lens is known as the diverging lens because parallel light rays incident on it spread out such that when they are reproduces backwards they meet at a single point also known as the principal focus. Due to this diverging action the concave lens is also referred to as the diverging lens.
Is a convex mirror converging or diverging?
A convex mirror, diverging mirror, or fish eye mirror is a curved mirror in which the reflective surface bulges toward the light source. Convex mirrors reflect light outwards, therefore they are not used to focus light.
What does converging lens mean?
converging lens. noun Optics. a lens that converts parallel rays of light to convergent rays and produces a real image.