What is foveal Schisis?

Myopic traction maculopathy (MTM), also known as myopic foveoschisis, is a schisis-like thickening of the retina in eyes with high myopia with posterior staphyloma. The pathologic features may also include lamellar or full-thickness macular holes, shallow foveal detachments, and inner retinal fluid.

What is macular retinoschisis?

Retinoschisis is a condition that occurs when the retina splits into two layers, affecting vision. The retina is a layer of tissue at the back of the eye. It comprises cone and rod cells, which process light coming into the eye through the pupil. The retina sends visual signals to the brain through the optic nerve.

What causes Foveoschisis?

Myopic foveoschisis is a relatively rare entity that manifests in patients with pathological myopia. The schisis, or break, in the layers of the retina, occurs because of the increase in the size of the eyeball and a consequent stretching in the layers of the choroid and the retina.

Is retinoschisis bilateral?

Peripheral vision is affected by the split of the retina into two layers, an inner layer of nerve cells and an outer layer of other cells. Usually, and almost always with the juvenile form, both eyes are affected (bilateral). The juvenile form is the more serious form of retinoschisis.

What is foveal detachment?

Conclusions: Foveal detachment and macular break resolution seem to result from the release or weakening of vitreous traction on the fovea. Reattachment of the foveal retina preserves fair to good visual acuity.

What is a lamellar hole?

Lamellar macular hole (LMH) is a vitreoretinal disorder characterized by an irregular foveal contour, a break in the inner fovea, dehiscence of the inner foveal retina from the outer retina, and the absence of a full-thickness foveal defect with intact foveal photoreceptors.

How serious is retinoschisis?

For most people, retinoschisis isn’t a serious condition. Eventually, you may need glasses to correct any vision problems caused by your split retina. While the condition itself is often harmless, both degenerative and X-linked retinoschisis increase your risk of retinal detachment.

Why would retinoschisis affect your vision?

When the retina splits, tiny lumps called cysts form between the layers. These cysts damage nerves and keep light signals from reaching the brain. Damaged nerves can make your vision blurry.

What is tessellated fundus?

Tessellated fundus is defined as the condition in which the choroidal vessels can be seen through the retina owing to reduced pigmentation or hypoplasia of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) [13.

Where is retinoschisis located?

Retinoschisis is a condition in which an area of the retina (the tissue lining the inside of the back of the eye that transmits visual signals to the optic nerve and brain) has separated into two layers. The part of the retina that is affected by retinoschisis will have suboptimal vision.

What is a macular hole in the eye?

A macular hole is a small gap that opens at the centre of the retina, in an area called the macula. The retina is the light-sensitive film at the back of the eye. In the centre is the macula – the part responsible for central and fine-detail vision needed for tasks such as reading.

What is the differential diagnosis of retinoschisis?

Differential Diagnosis. While the presence of retinoschisis in an individual with a positive family history of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis establishes the diagnosis in that person, making the diagnosis in a male with no known family history may be more difficult. Cystoid macular edema may mimic foveal retinoschisis.

What is retinoschisis and how is it treated?

Retinoschisis is an eye condition that causes the eye’s retina to split into two layers. Retino- refers to the retina, while -schisis refers to split. It affects both young and old, males and females. While retinoschisis is a commonly used name, eye doctors may also refer to it as:

How is X-linked juvenile retinoschisis diagnosed?

Diagnosis/testing. The diagnosis of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis is based on fundus findings, results of electrophysiologic testing, and molecular genetic testing. RS1 is the only gene known to be associated with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis.

What is the pathophysiology of myopic foveoschisis?

The histopathology of myopic foveoschisis demonstrates that schisis cavities can form in various layers of the neurosensory retina in the macula including the outer plexiform, inner plexiform and nerve fiber layers. There have been limited studies of the natural course of the disease.